Background Orbital cavernous venous malformations (OCVMs) are the most common primary orbital mass lesion and presenting symptoms are usually secondary to a mass effect. Surgical excision presents ...

Background/aims There is a paucity in the literature on the presentation, management and outcomes of cases where primary acquired melanosis (PAM) is associated with spill over/contiguous periocular ...

Purpose To quantitatively explore preretinal abnormal tissue (PAT) in macula-on rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) before and after surgery. Methods In this case-series study, PAT was detected by ...

Purpose This study aimed to identify the various clinical characteristics and ocular imaging features of ocular toxoplasmosis (OT) in HIV patients. Methods Observational retrospective study of 52 eyes ...

Background Increased pigmentation has been associated with cancer stem-cell-like behaviour and chemoresistance in uveal melanoma (UM) and cutaneous melanoma. Therefore, our present study determines ...

Aims Refractive lens exchange (RLE) is becoming a popular refractive solution for patients ineligible for corneal surgeries or phakic intraocular lenses. However, concerns regarding retinal detachment ...

1 National University of Singapore Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, Singapore Background/aims To identify the risk factors for neuropathic corneal pain (NCP) following corneal refractive surgery and ...

Aims Previous studies have suggested an association between retinal artery occlusion (RAO) and ischaemic stroke (IS), both associated with elevated inflammatory factors. However, the role of ...

Background/aims Sebaceous carcinoma (SC) is a rare cancer with periocular predilection. Studies focused on patterns and timing of nodal metastasis are scarce. Our aim is to report patterns of regional ...

a Department of Ophthalmology, Campinas State University Medical School, UNICAMP, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil, b Department of Ophthalmology, University of São Paulo Medical School, USP, São Paulo, ...

Background/aims Toxoplasmic retinochoroiditis is the commonest known cause of posterior uveitis worldwide and reactivation is unpredictable. Based on results from one study, the authors proposed that ...

AIMS To report the clinical features of five patients with non-progressive central ring scotomas of acute onset associated with excellent retained visual acuity. METHODS Complete ...