U.S. exports to China would likely have been $160 billion to $201 billion greater without the seven-year Trump-Biden trade war.

China has refuted accusations from the Trump administration that it violated the trade agreement, countering that the U.S. has undermined the consensus reached in the deal. The dispute has heightened tensions between the world’s two largest economies beyond just trade matters.

President Trump has doubled the rate on foreign metals to 50%, saying the levies weren’t high enough to help the U.S. industry.

The United States is highly reliant on steel imports, bringing in more of the material from abroad than any other country in the world, according to the International Trade Administration. More than 26 million metric tons of steel were imported last year, most of which came from Brazil, Canada, Mexico, South Korea, and China.